Utilization of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce and hypocotyl cutting seedling for mangrove rehabilitation in Indonesia

Abstract

Kandelia candel (L.) Druce is one of the rare mangrove species in Indonesia. Additionally, mangrove rehabilitation requires effective and efficient methods. Accelerating the growth of mangrove species using vegetative propagation, specifically hypocotyl cutting, is necessary. The objectives of this study were to investigate the scientific literature on the use of K. candel for mangrove rehabilitation in Indonesia and to analyze the growth of K. candel seedling from hypocotyl cuttings. Scientific literature was collected from 2012 to 2022 in some search engines and library databases. An experimental study was carried out with different treatments (hypocotyl cuttings, planting media, plant growth regulator) and three replications. We found 576 articles on mangrove rehabilitation in Indonesia and only an article uses K. candel (0,002%) as a species in mangrove rehabilitation. There was no study on hypocotyl cutting of K. candel. The best combination of intact hypocotyl treatment was intact hypocotyl, mud+sand growing medium, and growth regulator 15.000 ppm. In contrast, the best combination of cut hypocotyl treatment was bottom hypocotyl, mud+sand planting medium, and growth regulator 15.000 ppm.