Utilization of By-Products and Waste GGBFS Materials from Steel Processing Industry to Produce Sustainable Green Pervious Concrete in Indonesia

Abstract

Pervious concrete is a reliable solution for environmentally friendly concrete pavements, especially for densely populated urban areas. Some of the benefits of pervious concrete to the environment are mainly increasing the absorption of water into the soil, so that it can quickly purify rainwater runoff, recharge groundwater, reduce rainwater runoff, and when combined with well-designed drainage system it can minimize the potential of flooding. The uniqueness of this concrete is that it uses few or no fine aggregate at all, with the main composition consisting of coarse aggregate, binder (cementitious/pozzolanic materials), water and admixture. The development of pervious concrete with steel slag as raw material as coarse aggregate and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as a partial replacement for cement is carried out to address environmental problems caused by impervious pavement that is commonly used in urban areas, as well as to increase the added value of material by-products of the steel processing industry. The aim of this research is to obtain a pervious concrete mixture with an optimum compressive strength and porosity utilizing locally available by-products and waste materials from steel processing industry to produce a more sustainable construction material. Evaluation based on the experimental results shows that the specimen with well graded or blended-size of steel slag coarse aggregates, with a maximum of 10% steel slag fine aggregate, and GGBFS as 32% cement substitute material (CSM) is found to be an optimized mixture in achieving high compressive strength of 20.24 MPa at which both density and porosity values complying ACI 522R-10.