Abstract
As the depletion of fossil fuels becomes increasingly severe, it is crucial to find alternative and sustainable sources of energy. Biomass, which is the largest renewable energy source in the world, is considered an effective solution to the problem of fossil fuel scarcity due to its sustainability, eco-friendly nature, and the wide range of raw materials available. This paper analyzes the current energy situation, energy policies, opportunities, and challenges of biomass energy development in several countries across Europe, Asia, and America. Based on the research results, most countries are proactively seeking to transform their energy systems to ensure sustainable economic development, particularly by utilizing solid biomass, which includes the recycling of industrial and agricultural residues and the cultivation of energy crops. However, biomass energy also faces challenges such as the impact on biodiversity, complex production processes, and high costs.
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