Abstract
SummaryBackground & aimsBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widely considered a body composition technique suitable for routine application. However, its utility in sick or malnourished children is complicated by variability in hydration. A BIA variant termed vector analysis (BIVA) aims to resolve this, by differentiating hydration from cell mass. However, the model was only partially supported by children's data. To improve accuracy, further adjustment for body shape variability has been proposed, known as specific BIVA (BIVAspecific).MethodsWe re-analysed body composition data from 281 children and adolescents (46% male) aged 4–20 years of European ancestry. Measurements included anthropometry, conventional BIA, BIVA outcomes adjusted either for height (BIVAconventional), or for height and body cross-sectional area (BIVAspecific), and fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) by the criterion 4-component model. Graphic analysis and regression analysis were used to evaluate different BIA models for predicting FFM and FM.ResultsAge was strongly correlated with BIVAconventional parameters, but weakly with BIVAspecific parameters. FFM correlated more strongly with BIVAconventional than with BIVAspecific parameters, whereas the opposite pattern was found for FM. In multiple regression analyses, the best prediction models combined conventional BIA with BIVAspecific parameters, explaining 97.0% and 89.8% of the variance in FFM and FM respectively. These models could be further improved by incorporating body weight.ConclusionsThe prediction of body composition can be improved by combining two different theoretical models, each of which appears to provide different information about the two components FFM and FM. Further work should test the utility of this approach in pediatric patients.
Highlights
There is increasing interest in the assessment of body composition in children, for several reasons
We developed a series of multiple regression models, intended to reveal the differing associations of anthropometry and different bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) approaches with the two body composition outcomes
The conventional approach to predicting body composition from BIA relies on the close association of height-adjusted resistance or impedance with body components that conduct electricity, the most obvious of which are TBW or fat-free mass (FFM)
Summary
There is increasing interest in the assessment of body composition in children, for several reasons. There is still a need for simpler methods that can be widely used, especially in community studies [2] In this context, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has long attracted interest. Measurements included anthropometry, conventional BIA, BIVA outcomes adjusted either for height (BIVAconventional), or for height and body cross-sectional area (BIVAspecific), and fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) by the criterion 4-component model. The best prediction models combined conventional BIA with BIVAspecific parameters, explaining 97.0% and 89.8% of the variance in FFM and FM respectively. These models could be further improved by incorporating body weight.
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