Utility of PTEN, MLH1, ARID1A and β-catenin, biomarkers in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma

Abstract

Objective: Endometrial carcinomas are divided into two groups roughly:Endometrioid (Type I) and Non-endometrioid (Type II). The majority of the endometrial carcinomas are of endometrioid type and, this type of carcinoma is associated with hyperplasia which is formed due to unopposed estrogen.In this study, our purpose is to reveal the expression status of the PTEN, MLH1, ARID1A and β-catenin, biomarkers in all types of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EC).Materials and metods: We conducted a retrospective study with 202 cases including 82 EC cases, 71 simple EH cases without atypia, 16 complex EH cases without atypia, 9 simple atypical EH cases, 24 complex atypical EH cases which were diagnosed at Istanbul Civilization University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital. 10 normal endometrial tissues were used for the purpose of control. Resuls: In our study, loss of PTEN ratio was 61%, loss of ARID1A ratio was 52,4%, loss of MLH1 ratio was 40,2% in patients with EC. These ratios were 87,5%, 41,7%, 20,8%, respectively in patients with atypical complex EH and 12,7%; 4,2%; 1,4% in patients with simple EH without atypia. Conclusions: In the light of these findings it has been demonstrated that PTEN, ARID1A and MLH1 have a role in the transition from simple EH to atypical complex EH, and also MLH1 has a role in the transition from aytpical complex EH to EC.