Abstract
RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar na literatura a utilidade do Potencial evocado auditivo de média latência na população infantil para o estudo do sistema auditivo em seus processos normais e desviantes. A revisão integrativa da literatura científica consistiu na busca de estudos utilizando as bases de dados: PubMed, Scopus e Scielo. Como descritores para a pesquisa foram utilizados os termos: "auditory middle latency response" "auditory middle latency potential" , "children", "child", "childhood", "maturation' e "development". Os estudos eram artigos completos, cujos participantes foram crianças, submetidas ao exame de Potencial evocado auditivo de média latência. A análise dos estudos individualmente verificou aspectos relacionados ao objetivo da pesquisa, a metodologia utilizada e a conclusão de cada estudo. Foram selecionados e lidos na íntegra um total de 11 estudos da base bibliográfica PubMed, oito estudos da Scopus e dois estudos da Scielo. Do total de 21 artigos, seis deles foram realizados com crianças saudáveis, quatro examinaram os componentes desse potencial em crianças com distúrbio de linguagem ou distúrbio específico de linguagem, quatro estudos avaliaram crianças usuárias de implante coclear, e sete crianças com outras alterações. Esta revisão integrativa mostrou a importância da investigação dos potenciais evocados auditivos de média latência em crianças. Tal avaliação vem permitindo um diagnóstico mais precoce e preciso de pacientes com alterações de linguagem, fala ou de aprendizado e de distúrbios do processamento auditivo além do monitoramento de evolução terapêutica.
Highlights
Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) refer to electrical changes in the peripheral and central auditory pathways, resulting from acoustic stimulation 1
This study aimed to investigate on the literature the utility of Auditory middle latency response in children focusing on the study of the auditory system on its normal and deviant processes
The opposite occurs in children with hearing disorders such as those identified in patients with learning disorders, who show differences between the results obtained from typical children; in this group the left contralateral auditory pathway presents a deficit and slower responses are observed at the left hemisphere level 8
Summary
Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) refer to electrical changes in the peripheral and central auditory pathways, resulting from acoustic stimulation 1. Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (MLAEP) are successive waves of negative voltage represented by the letter N and of positive voltage represented by the letter P, which occurs between 10 and 80 ms after the sound stimulus, and allow the objective investigation of the integrity of the central hearing pathway. The opposite occurs in children with hearing disorders such as those identified in patients with learning disorders, who show differences between the results obtained from typical children; in this group the left contralateral auditory pathway presents a deficit and slower responses are observed at the left hemisphere level 8. MLAEP has been used to compare patients before and after surgery to place the cochlear implant 10 to assess the central auditory pathways in children of alcoholic parents 11, and with auditory processing disorder 12. Comparisons of records obtained in typical children and other children with speech and language disorders users of cochlear implants or even to assess the auditory pathway in children receiving pharmacological sedation has been published . 14-18 this study aimed to investigate, in the literature, the use of MLAEP in children to study the auditory system in its normal and deviant processes
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