Abstract
Highly weathered soils in areas from Brazil are acidic soils, typically characterized by poor fertility, particularly with low soil phosphorus level. This laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the influences of biochar, made from the poultry litter and MB-4, rock dust from grinding of silicate rocks in increasing the available soil phosphorus on Ultisol, Oxisol and Entisol. Thus, one experiment involving soils incubation was conducted in laboratory, during 100 days. The treatments consisted of rock powder, MB-4 and poultry litter, biochar, evaluated by the base saturation method, with correction levels from 40% to 80% for Ultisol and Entisol and from 20% to 80% for Oxisol and three replicates. After the incubation period, the soil samples were analyzed in relation to available phosphorus in the soil. The results of this study confirmed that the biochar prepared from the poultry litter through slow pyrolysis was a potential source of phosphorus, particularly to weathered soils. Biochar released phosphorus into the soils. The biochar could be used in the improvement of available phosphorus for the three soils analyzed. During the incubation period, 100 days, the application of increasing doses of MB-4 in soils there was no improvement in the available soil phosphorus. MB-4 was not a source of phosphorus to the soil in a short term.
Highlights
In tropical and subtropicas soils the total phosphorus levels are relatively high, but the bioavailable fraction is below the minimum requirements of commercial crops
With the stock split, only the doses had a significant effect on interaction with biochar, i.e. there was no significant difference in rates on MB-4 (Table 4)
The results indicated that after applying biochar to the soils and incubating for 100 d, the concentrations of available phosphorus in the amended soils varied with variations in the amount of biochar, i.e. increased as function of applied doses corroborating
Summary
In tropical and subtropicas soils the total phosphorus levels are relatively high, but the bioavailable fraction is below the minimum requirements of commercial crops. P is one of the nutrients whose scarcity most limits crop development. Compared to other major nutrients, P is by far the least mobile and available to plants in most soil conditions. Weathered soils in those areas from Brazil are acidic soils, typically characterized by poor fertility, with low soil phosphorus level, i.e. deficiencies of phosphorus in soils, limiting the crop growth and reducing crop yield. Phosphorus (P) may be immobilized and the runoff loss risks are reduced if poultry litter (PL) is converted into biochar prior to land application [1]
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