Abstract
Substitution of special oxides for flint.—The oxides of thorium, titanium and zirconium and the silicate of zirconium were used. Variations in composition were based on batch weights, the percentage of oxide (or silicate) increasing from 27 to 49% with a corresponding decrease in feldspar content. A similar series using flint was also made a basis for comparison. Effect of special oxides on drying and burning behavior, dielectric strength and resistance to spang.—(1) Rutile causes high drying and burning shrinkage. The burning range is long but softening in every case results above cone 12. Resistance to spalling is above normal. (2) Thoria produces a body with a long burning range and great refractoriness. Drying shrinkage is normal, burning shrinkage very high, resistance to spalling very low, and the bodies warp badly. (3) Zirconia bodies have a normal drying shrinkage and a high burning shrinkage, no warping, long firing range, and the highest resistance to spalling. (4) Zircon.—The zirconium silicate bodies soften at temperatures below cone 18 and the firing range is short. Drying and burning shrinkage are similar to flint bodies but resistance to spalling is above normal. Effect of oxides on dielectric resistance.—No effect on dielectric resistance is obtained through the use of the special oxides mentioned.
Published Version
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