Use of new similarities Bl and Blturb. to optimize the calculation and selection of heat exchange equipment for working with nanofluid coolants

Abstract

The problem of correct, exact calculation and selection of the optimal heat exchange equipment at use in it of nanoliquid heat carriers was investigated in the work. Classical numerical equations, which are widely used in the calculation and selection of heat exchangers with nanofluids, especially at temperatures above 50 °C, give an error of (15–20) % or more. This leads to the fact that the selected heat exchange equipment may not work efficiently with excessive consumption of thermal energy. A new approach to heat transfer processes is considered, taking into account the theory of J. Businesque, which gives an idea of turbulent viscosity and thermal conductivity, as well as comparing the resistance of the coolant flow to the nanoparticle with surface forces and considering turbulent fluid as Newtonian. It is shown that the consideration of the behavior of a nanoparticle in a turbulent liquid coolant without taking into account surface forces is inaccurate and erroneous. The physical content of the previously obtained new numbers of similarity Bl and Blturb is considered and the possibility of their effective application in the new numerical equation obtained by us for the calculation of heat exchangers using nanofluid coolants is shown. The existing express method of estimating the efficiency of nanorluids use in heat exchangers on the basis of classical numerical equations is analyzed and a new express method on the basis of a new numerical equation and new numbers of similarity Bl and Blturb is proposed. The proposed express calculation method shows that a mixture of H2O + EG (60:40) improves the heat transfer properties of water by + 12.86 %, and a mixture of (H2O + EG (60:40) + 1.5 % TiO2) and (milk) + 0.5 % pumpkin seed oil) – by +16.75 %, which corresponds to the experiments and our calculations, and the known express method based on classical numerical equations shows a deterioration of – 4.5 % and, accordingly, by – 1.2 %. An example of calculating the optimal shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the new algorithm when heating milk with hot water with the addition of mixtures (H2O + EG (60:40) + 1.5 % TiO2) and accordingly (milk + 0.5 % pumpkin seed oil) fully confirms the correctness of the new express –method.