Use of monoclonal antibodies to cytochrome P450s to indicate the critical dealkylation and the P450s involved in methyl- n-amylnitrosamine mutagenicity in the presence of induced rat liver microsomes

Abstract

The mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 of the carcinogen methyl- n-amylnitrosamine (MNAN) was examined in the presence of rat liver microsomes from uninduced and induced rats. The number of mutations followed the order phenobarbital- and Aroclor-induced > 3-methylcholanthrene- and isoniazid-induced > uninduced microsomes. The MNAN metabolite 4-hydroxy-MNAN was not mutagenic. Using each type of induced liver microsomes, we examined the effect on MNAN mutagenicity of four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that inhibit cytochrome P450s. The MAbs inhibited MNAN mutagenicity in seven MAb-microsome combinations by up to 49%. Taken together, these results indicated that CYP (P450) 1B1 2B2 was responsible for one half and CYP 2C11 for one quarter of MNAN mutagenicity with phenobarbital-induced microsomes, CYP 1A1 1A2 accounted for about 40% of the mutagenicity with 3-methylcholanthrene-induced microsomes, CYP 2B1 2B2 accounted for half and CYP 1A1 1A2 and 2C11 for smaller proportions of the mutagenicity with Aroclor-induced microsomes, and CYP 1A1 1A2 accounted for about 30% of the mutagenicity with isoniazid-induced microsomes. With isoniazid-induced microsomes, MAb 2-66-3 to CYP 2B1 2B1 caused an unexpected 219% increase and MAb 1-68-11 caused a moderate increase in MNAN mutagenicity. The test MAbs also inhibited the microsome-catalyzed demethylation and depentylation of MNAN by up to 83%, confirming previous results. Four comparisons between individual mutagenic and metabolic results supported the view that depentylation of MNAN was more critical for its mutagenicity than was demethylation, e.g., with 3-methylcholanthrene- and Aroclor-induced microsomes, MAb 1-7-1 to CYP 1A1 1A2 inhibited mutagenesis and depentylation, but did not affect demethylation.