Use of Isotope Technique in Groundwater Investigation around Erbil City- Northern Iraq

Abstract

The fundamental characteristics of environmental isotopes in water resources management is dependable on the nature of geographical region of the catchment boundaries. The method of applying different isotopes has a main character in quantity and quality estimations of water resources that sometimes cannot be achieved by old techniques. Nowadays the detailed inquiry of surface water or ground water difficulties can practically have been explained against the support of performing the isotopes. The present study assembled some investigations and applications on the environmental isotopes that predict the water management systems in different catchment areas and implementing the isotope techniques in Kurdistan region of Iraq. This should help us to solve many problems of surface and ground water such as the recognition a source of ground water, ground water dating, problems of ground water contamination, trace the direction and velocity of flow, the interaction of surface water with ground water, physical transportation link between different aquifers, some characteristics of an aquifer and renewability of water. The objectives of this study are to implicate and investigate on the most intensive science of environmental isotope in different catchment areas of Kurdistan region in northern Iraq. The data were taken by (Dana,2016) for different springs and wells in the region starting from Haji-Omaran to Barzan. There are no meteorological or hydrographic measuring stations. The ground water compositions of 10 wells and 12 springs were illustrates that the seasonal does not conclusive a part while the assumptions would be modified for the precipitation data. The results show that, groundwater saves the 18O and deuterium (D) content out of which they were formed. The isotope contents of most groundwater lie somewhere near the local respective meteoric water line (MWL). Whereas, the proportionality pf high degree in deuterium surplus (d) is about 10 which is representative for the Mediterranean Sea region. also, the high concentration of isotopes was taken place at Haji-Omaran and Jundian w that about 8.93 and 8.37 degrees respectively. This is leads to offer the possibility with a relatively small financial expense to use isotopic hydrological methods to explore the underground water balance in northern Iraq.