The relationship between serum vitamin D level & chronic periodontitis in patients attending Khanzad center in Erbil city

Abstract

Background and objectives: Chronic periodontitis is multifactorial infectious disease with high prevalence among different population with many risk factors. Vitamin D seems to have a protective anti-inflammatory role in periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serum vitamin D3 level on periodontal health in Erbil city. Methods:Eighty-two patients were recruited in the Khanzad center; in Erbil city- Kurdistan region- Iraq. They were di- vided into 48 patients with chronic periodontitis patient (26 males & 22 females) & 34 subjects with non – periodontitis (8 males & 26 females). Periodontal examination including plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth & clinical attach- ment loss were measured for all patients. At the day of periodontal examination, patients sent to central laboratory where blood drowns for serum vitamin D3 estimation. Results:The mean serum vitamin D3 value (mean ± Std) was 13.5 ± 9.2 & 12.8 ±7.2 in chronic periodontitis group & non-periodontitis group respectively which was statistically not significant,34 subjects (41.4%) of the participant had sever deficiency while only 2 patients in a study group (2.4%) had sufficient level of serum vitamin D3. The mean plaque index & gingival index in chronic periodontitis group were 1.96± 6 & 2.16 ± 54 respectively, while in non-periodontitis group, they were 1.24 ± 42 & 1.32± 28 respectively, there were sta tistically significant differences regarding both periodontal parameters between both groups. Conclusion: The relationship between vitamin D deficiency & chronic periodontitis was not determined in a sample in Erbil City.