Abstract
Medication non-adherence is a global problem and has existed for centuries. Patients have paid a very high price for their behaviour of non-adherence in the form of impaired cost, prolonged diseases, a burden to family, or even by their lives. In the era of science and technology where there is a solution for every odd problem, the issue of medication non-adherence can also find a remedy. This paper tries to highlight the factors of non-adherence and looks for solutions through various forms of technology. The review of different published literature highlights the findings of researchers and tries to assimilate a solution for addressing the prolonged problem of medication non-adherence.
Highlights
Medication non-adherence is a global health care problem which has persisted over the years (De Geest et al, 2019)
The reports highlighted that hospitalization risk for diabetes was 13% for adherent and 24% for non-adherent, congestive heart failure (CHF) (57% vs. 63%), hypercholesterolemia (12% vs. 14%) and hypertension (19% vs. 23%)
Differences in terminology, study designs, definitions, and inclusion criteria have been attributed to ineffectiveness of estimating adherence rates
Summary
Medication non-adherence is a global health care problem which has persisted over the years (De Geest et al, 2019). Based on Medicare and Medicaid pharmacy claims data, Esposito et al, (2009) performed a cohort study on heart failure patients’ and found that adherent patients were 13% less likely to have hospital admissions and medical costs were 15% less. The work of Vik et al, (2004) attributes 16% (range 10.6% to 58%) of medication non adherence to forgetfulness, 47%-95% to adverse effects, 15%-52% to belief that medication is not required in the nonexistence of symptoms. The study of Col et al, (1990) reports that out of 315 elderly patients admitted to hospital, 11% was due to medication nonadherence Out of these 11%, 25% of non-adherence was due to forgetfulness, 15% was because of confusion, and 35% was due to side effects. Some of the common methods used to measure adherence are patient self-reports, biological monitoring, pill counts, electronic monitoring and refill rates. (Balkrishnan et al, 2003) (Schectman et al, 2002) (Schectman et al, 2002) (Schectman et al, 2002)
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