USE OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE PROCESS OF STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The structure of higher education systems in the USA, Poland, Germany, France, Italy, Spain and England is analyzed. It is emphasized that in each country the system of higher education is diverse, unique, with its own peculiarities in the organization of educational process. It is noticed that despite significant achievements, innovative approaches and modern educational methods used by progressive foreign countries, it is important that Ukraine's educational integration processes into the world system of higher education proceed with preserving the achievements and traditions of Ukrainian higher education. The experience of foreign countries in the development of creative abilities of students, their cognitive activity, independence and initiative is analyzed. The attention is focus on comparative studies. It is determined that the main purpose of comparative pedagogy is to compare the educational systems of two countries in order to identify common and different in educational processes, understanding the patterns and trends. It is noted that during the “traditional” lesson most of the time teacher explains, illustrates the material and very little time is devoted to active cognitive activity, the result is low development of independent thinking, students’ fear of going beyond the rules to find a non-standard solution. It is emphasis that one of the alternatives to the traditional lesson is project method. In addition, it is said that there are many teaching methods aimed to activate students: research methods, heuristic methods, contextual learning, question method, quest technologies, etc. It is shown the results of our own research of foreign countries experience for the students training of pedagogical and philological specialties. Emphasized on the implementation of the main goal – standardization of approaches to the organization of the learning process and the functioning of higher education. Noticed on the need of quality teacher training, development of their cognitive activity, creativity, mobility, self-education, continuing education. It is stated that the professionalism of the teacher is an integral part of the success of the educational process.