Abstract
The article presents the results of calculating factor loads for 2015-2018 obtained by the method of principal components of grain sorghum varieties. Field studies were laid and carried out in the fields of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution RosNIISK Rossorgo. The objects of the study were grain sorghum plants of the Institute's selection, as well as samples presented by the VIR world collection. 25 economically valuable indicators in 32 samples were analyzed. The main role in selection of indicators for inclusion in the correlation model is assigned to the expert approach in assessing breeding material. Effective and combinational groupings of correlation coefficients by hypothetical factors are very important tools in solving the issue of selecting indicators in a correlation model of interrelationships of selectively valuable indicators of various plant populations. Grouping the correlation coefficients makes it possible to assess the general nature of the interaction of the indicators included in the experimental data matrix. Calculations of the loads on hypothetical factors in the experiment made it possible to identify factors whose contribution to the accumulated variance is more than 5 %.
Highlights
Grain sorghum is a valuable agricultural crop
Based on the analysis of the general characteristics of the variability of the parameters of the model population of grain sorghum, it was established that the following indicators shall be attributed to highly varying indicators (V>20.0 %): the area of the flag leaf, the area of the largest leaf, the protrusion of the panicle stem, total bushiness, productive bushiness, panicle width, number of grains from 1 panicle, grain weight from 1 panicle (Table 1)
The grain yield significantly correlated with such characteristics as: plant height after 30 days from germination (r = -0.364), flag leaf length (r = 0.406), flag leaf width (r = 0.505), flag leaf area (r = 0.545), length of the largest leaf (r = 0.403), width of the largest leaf (r = 0.355), area of the largest leaf (r = 0.369), productive bushiness (r = 0.432), panicle width (r = 0.396), number of grains per 1 panicle (r = 0.460), grain weight from 1 panicle (r = 0.506), protein content in grain (r = -0.467), ash content in grain (r = 0.474), fiber content in grain (r = -0.366), nitrogen-free extractable substances content in grain (r = 0.542)
Summary
Grain sorghum is a valuable agricultural crop. Sorghum is cultivated for both feed production and food purposes. Grain sorghum is grown for food purposes. The studied culture has a number of advantages over other crops, including drought resistance and heat resistance. Sorghum is an important insurance crop in case of summer drought, and most often has an advantage when used as a stubble or post-harvest crop [1]. The great potential and capabilities of the sorghum crop allows to get stable, high yields of grain and green mass. This places the sorghum crop among the leading grain feed and food crops
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