Use of Elderly Living Kidney Donors: Twenty Years' Experience in the Balkans

Abstract

The Balkan region has dramatically changed during the last 20 years. Despite transplantation efforts, dialysis remains the usual way to treat end stage renal diseases. Living donor renal transplantation is still the predominant transplant activity. Seeking to solve the problem, we decided to accept expanded criteria living donors, including elderly, marginal, unrelated, and ABO-incompatible individuals. Herein we have presented our 20 years' experience with 230 living donor renal transplantations using elderly individuals, including 90 older than 65 years (mean age 68 ± 4.5; range = 65–86; ED group). The predominantly haploidentical recipients had a mean age of 45 ± 6 years (range = 18–66). Sequential immunosuppressive protocols were used in all cases including induction with anti-thymocyte-globulin or interleukin-2 receptor antagonists. We analyzed the 5-year Kaplan-Meier graft survival rate, rejection episodes, delayed graft function, and renal function for comparison with these outcomes of 110 kidneys from younger donors (mean age = 53.4 years; range = 25–62; YD group) and haploidethical recipients (mean age = 32.2, range = 16–42), performed within the same period. The 3- and 5-year cumulative graft survival rates in the ED group were 81% and 72% compared with 85% and 81% in the YD group respectively ( P > .9; NS). The incidences of acute rejection episodes were also comparable for both groups (19% and 17%, respectively). Delayed graft function occurred in 15% of the ED group but only 8% of the YD group. The serum creatinine value at the end of 60 months' follow-up was 146.04 μmol/L in the ED group versus 123.38 μmol/L in the YD group ( P < .001). There were no major surgical complications in either group. We recommend the use of elderly living donors as a valuable source of kidneys, especially in countries wherein deceased donor transplantation is not yet established.