Abstract
Use of Ebola Vaccine: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2020
Highlights
On December 19, 2019, the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccine (Ervebo), a replication-competent, live attenuated vaccine was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the prevention of Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by Ebola virus species Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) in adults aged ≥18 years
In a subset of men, the virus was shown to persist in semen >1 year from Ebola treatment unit (ETU) discharge [28,35,37,41], with one study documenting reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) detection of EBOV as long as 965 days after illness onset [28]
After a public comment period, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) voting members unanimously approved vaccination recommendations for three adult populations in the United States that are at the highest risk for potential occupational exposure to EBOV and for whom preexposure vaccine recommendations are the most urgent: persons responding to an outbreak of EVD, health care personnel at federally designated Ebola treatment centers in the United States (Box), and laboratorians or other staff at biosafety level 4 facilities in the United States (Box)
Summary
This report summarizes the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of the rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccine (Ervebo) in the United States. Persons with a history of severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to rice protein should not receive Ervebo. This is the first and only vaccine currently licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the prevention of Ebola virus disease (EVD). ACIP recommends preexposure vaccination with Ervebo for adults aged ≥18 years in the U.S population who are at highest risk for potential occupational exposure to Ebola virus species Zaire ebolavirus because they are responding to an outbreak of EVD, work as health care personnel at federally designated Ebola treatment centers in the United States, or work as laboratorians or other staff at biosafety level 4 facilities in the United States. Recommendations for use of Ervebo in additional populations at risk for exposure and other settings will be considered and discussed by ACIP in the future
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