Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older — United States, 2016

Abstract

I October 2015, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) approved the Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule: United States, 2016. This schedule summarizes ACIP recommendations for the use of vaccines routinely recommended for adults in 2 figures (Figures 1 and 2), footnotes for each vaccine (Figure 3), and a table that describes primary contraindications and precautions for commonly used vaccines for adults (Table). Details on these updates and information on other vaccines recommended for adults can be found at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules. The full ACIP recommendations for each vaccine are not included in the schedule owing to space limitations but can be found at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs /index.html. The 2016 adult immunization schedule was reviewed and approved by the American College of Physicians, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and American College of Nurse-Midwives. Changes in the 2016 adult immunization schedule from the 2015 schedule include the following new ACIP recommendations: Y Interval change for 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) from “6 to 12 months” to “at least 1 year” for immunocompetent adults aged ≥65 years (1). Adults aged ≥19 years with anatomical or functional asplenia, cerebrospinal fluid leak, or cochlear implant or who are immunocompromised should receive PPSV23 at least 8 weeks after PCV13. Y Serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccine series should be administered to persons aged ≥10 years who are at increased risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease (2). Those at increased risk include persons with anatomical or functional asplenia or persistent complement component deficiencies, microbiologists who are routinely exposed to isolates of Neisseria meningitidis, and persons identified at increased risk because of a serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak. MenB vaccine series may be administered to adolescents and young adults aged 16 through 23 years (preferred age is 16 through 18 years) to provide short-term protection against most strains of serogroup B meningococcal disease (3). Y Nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (9vHPV) was added to the 2016 adult immunization schedule. This vaccine can be used for routine vaccination against HPV as 1 of 3 HPV vaccines (bivalent HPV vaccine [2vHPV], quadrivalent HPV vaccine [4vHPV], and 9vHPV) recommended for females and 1 of 2 HPV vaccines (4vHPV and 9vHPV) recommended for males (4). Notable changes in Figures 1 and 2 are as follows: Y The row for “Meningococcal” was retitled to “Meningococcal 4-valent conjugate (MenACWY) or polysaccharide (MPSV4)” to indicate that there are 2 types of serogroup A, C, W, and Y meningococcal vaccines available for adults. Y A new row for “Meningococcal B (MenB)” was added. Y Additional text was added in several indication bars to describe reasons for alternate dosing schedules for vaccines where such designations were appropriate; for example, in the “Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)” indication bar that states “1 or 2 doses,” the clause “depending on indication” was added. Y The text in the “Hepatitis A” indication bar was revised from “2 doses” to “2 or 3 doses depending on vaccine” to account for the hepatitis A and hepatitis B combination vaccine that is administered in a 3-dose series. Additional clarifying changes in Figure 2 include: Y The text in the consolidated “Influenza” indication bar was simplified to “one dose annually”; readers should refer to the footnotes for additional information regarding which influenza vaccine types are recommended for different age and risk groups. Y The text in the “Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23)” indication bar was revised from “1 or 2 doses” to “1, 2, or 3 doses depending on indication” to account for the recommendation that adults aged ≥19