Abstract
ABSTRACT The availability of single assai palm (Euterpe precatoria) seedlings with good quality is a fundamental requirement to expand the cultivation of the species. This study aimed to assess the use of fruit agro-industry residues as substrate for producing single assai seedlings. The experiment was carried out under nursery conditions, in a completely randomized design, with four replications and eight plants per plot. Fifteen treatments were evaluated: a commercial substrate, four dry and crushed agro-industrial residues (Brazil nut shell, acerola pit, assai pit and cupuassu peel) and ten combinations of these materials in the proportion of 1:1. The following variables were also measured: shoot height; stem diameter; number of leaves; shoot, root and total dry mass; and Dickson Quality Index score. The substrate formulated with Brazil nut shell + acerola pit stood out for promoting a higher growth and dry biomass, resulting in seedlings with a better quality. The pure assai pit residue was not efficient for producing seedlings, but it showed a good potential when mixed in equal proportion with other materials (e.g. Brazil nut shell and cupuassu peel).
Highlights
The single assai palm (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) is a single-stem palm tree widely distributed throughout central and northern South America
A better performance of the substrate derived from Brazil nut shell (BNS) plus acerola pit (ACP) was observed over the others for shoot height and stem diameter (Table 3)
Seedlings grown on BNS and ACP substrates had a higher stem height and diameter, when compared to those grown on e-ISSN 1983-4063 - www.agro.ufg.br/pat - Pesq
Summary
The single assai palm (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) is a single-stem palm tree widely distributed throughout central and northern South America. It mainly occurs in lowlands and “igapó” areas in Brazilian Amazonian states such as Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia and Pará (Henderson 1995). Its fruits are used by the pulp processing industry to obtain “assai wine”, a drink rich in lipids, proteins, minerals, polyphenols and anthocyanins (Yayuma et al 2011). The Brazilian assai annual production is approximately 1.7 million tons of fruits, 12.8 % of which come from extractivism and 87.2 % from commercial crops, with Pará being the main producer (IBGE 2018a, IBGE 2018b). The rise in the national production is mainly due to the increased consumption and public investment policies in the.
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