Agricultural residues as substrates in the production of formosa papaya, okra and zucchini seedlings

Gustavo Haddad Souza Vieira,Paola Honorato Salla,Lillya Mattedi,Ismail Ramalho Haddade,Larissa Ionara Silva Paula,Rodrigo Junior Nandorf,Paola Lo Monaco

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-55378

Gustavo Haddad Souza Vieira, Paola Honorato Salla + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-55378

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Abstract

Using residues generated in agriculture to produce seedlingsis an economically interesting alternative, besides being a way to reduce the environmental impacts caused by their inadequate disposal. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using coffee chaff (CC) and organic compost (OC) as substrate components for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings and the potential of grape pomace (GP), a vitiviniculture residue, in the composition of substrates for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings. We carried out two trials in a completely randomized design (CRD): the first had seven treatments and six replicates: T0: 100% commercial substrate Bioplant® (CS); from T1 to T6: increasing proportions of CC and decreasing of CC: 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60; 50/50 e 60/40%. The second had six treatments and six replicates, with increasing proportions of GP and decreasing proportions of CS: 0/100; 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60 and 50/50%.In the first trial we evaluated the number of leaves, root length, seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI) at 59 days after sowing.The second trialwas performed at 12 and 18 DAS and we analyzed the number of leaves, plant height, root length, collar diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI). Variables that met the assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity were subjected to Dunnett’s test. The substrate composed of coffee chaff and organic compost has a high potential to be used as an alternative substrate due to promote better quality of papaya seedlings compared to the commercial substrate. Alternative substrate containing 60% coffee chaff and 40% organic compost is recommended for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings in tubes. The grape pomace (GP) has a high potential to be used as component in substrate for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings compared to the commercial substrate (CS) only. Alternative substrate composed of 50% GP and 50% CS is recommended for the production of zucchini seedlings, while substrate composed of 10% GP and 90% CS is recommended for the production of okra seedlings.

Highlights

IntroductionThe cultivation of Formosa papaya (Carica papaya) is an agricultural activity of great economic importance for the development of Brazil, especially for the economy of Espírito Santo and Bahia states, due to its high potential for generating employment and income (GALO et al, 2014)
The cultivation of Formosa papaya (Carica papaya) is an agricultural activity of great economic importance for the development of Brazil, especially for the economy of Espírito Santo and Bahia states, due to its high potential for generating employment and income (GALO et al, 2014).The state of Espírito Santo, especially in the mountainous region, has great prominence in the production of vegetables (LO MONACO et al, 2020)
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using coffee chaff and organic compost as substrate components for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings and the potential of vitiviniculture residues in the composition of substrates for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings

Summary

Introduction

The cultivation of Formosa papaya (Carica papaya) is an agricultural activity of great economic importance for the development of Brazil, especially for the economy of Espírito Santo and Bahia states, due to its high potential for generating employment and income (GALO et al, 2014). The state of Espírito Santo, especially in the mountainous region, has great prominence in the production of vegetables (LO MONACO et al, 2020). The production of vegetables is one of the main sources of income for farmers in the region, especially those of family farming (ESPÍRITO SANTO, 2016). According to Lo Monaco et al (2020), seedling formation is one of the most important stages of the crop cycle, directly influencing the final performance of the plant, from both the nutritional and the productive points of view. According to Pereira et al (2010), good quality seedlings presuppose adequate development and good root system formation, with better capacity to adapt to the new site after transplantation

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