Abstract
The production cycle of Rectified Concentrated Must (RCM) includes a deionization phase performed with ion exchange resins, that are regenerated after each deionization cycle with strong mineral acids or strong bases. The resulting waste water is particularly rich in cations and anions removed from the must, and various processes for the recovery of tartaric acid are normally performed. More recently, new techniques have been developed for the recovery of all organic acids of the must as concentrated solutions of organic acids (SGA: Solutions of Grapes organic Acids). The work was aimed at determining the acidic profile and some specifics of SGA for a possible use as wine acidifiers. Moreover, some trials were carried out to define the correct dose of SGA to be added to wines in order to cause a given decrease of pH, equivalent to that obtained with H2T. As a result, a method was proposed for the calculation of the dose of SGA needed to determine a given decrease of wine pH. The recovery and valorization of SGA from the RCM processing cycle can represent a virtuous example of biorefinery, within the framework of the circular and green economy promoted by EU.
Highlights
In the production of Rectified Concentrated Must (RCM), the concentration process of the sugar fraction is preceded by a deionization or rectification phase, during which the grape must passes through ion exchange resins, both anionic and cationic, that retain mineral salts, organic acids and polyphenolic substances present in it
The recovery and valorization of solutions of organic acids (SGA) from the RCM processing cycle potentially represents a virtuous example of biorefinery, within the framework of the circular and green economy promoted by EU (program for a zero-waste Europe: COM (2014) 398) through the implementation of interventions aimed at radically changing the value chains, from product design to market and business models, from methods to transform waste into resources, to consumers habits
The work was aimed at determining the acidic profile and some specifics of the concentrated solutions of organic acids (SGA), byproducts of the rectified concentrated must (RCM) production process, for a possible use as wine acidifiers
Summary
In the production of Rectified Concentrated Must (RCM), the concentration process of the sugar fraction is preceded by a deionization or rectification phase, during which the grape must passes through ion exchange resins, both anionic and cationic, that retain mineral salts, organic acids and polyphenolic substances present in it. Cationic resins are regenerated with strong mineral acids (hydrochloric and sulfuric), while anionic resins with strong bases (sodium hydroxide), in order to elute cations and anions and restore their capacity to exchange. Various processes for the recovery of tartaric acid alone from anionic resins are generally carried out, and more recently new techniques for the recovery of all organic acids of the must have been studied: concentrated solutions of organic acids, hereinafter referred to as SGA (Solutions of Grapes organic Acids), have been obtained. A method for the calculation of the doses of SGA needed to determine a given decrease of wine pH was proposed and applied with a red wine
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