Abstract
This paper investigates the possibility of reproducing Braille by UV ink-jet printing on self-adhesive labels, previously printed by flexo printing technology. The aim was to determine whether it is possible to reproduce Braille, the degree of quality of created Braille dots (cells), the legibility of Braille text, and how many layers of varnish are necessary for quality reproduction. The Braille letter was applied to the previously printed label (design) using 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 layers of varnish. It has been found that it is possible to reproduce a quality and legible Braille. With the increase in the number of layers, the assessment of legibility and quality of reproduction by the respondents also increased. Samples reproduced with 12 layers of varnish received a very good grade of legibility and good grade for quality of Braille. Samples reproduced with 8 and 10 layers received bad grades for legibility, and even worse for quality, while samples with a higher number of layers of varnish, 14 and 16, received even better grades. The threshold for quality reproduction would therefore be the use of 12 layers of varnish, where a good ratio of workmanship and economy is obtained.
Highlights
Based on statistical data, it can be concluded that visual impairment is a significant health problem (Pascolini & Mariotti, 2011; Hashemi et al, 2017; WHO, 2019)
Near-visual impairment is usually classified as a near visual acuity less than N6 or m 0.8 at 40 centimeters, with N referring to the print size based on the point system used in the printing ondustry. industry, and 6 is the font size equivalent to the newspaper print (WHO, 2019)
It can be concluded that first application of UV varnish leads to the partial penetration of the varnish into the paper and the spreading of the Braille dot around its base
Summary
It can be concluded that visual impairment is a significant health problem (Pascolini & Mariotti, 2011; Hashemi et al, 2017; WHO, 2019). It is estimated that at least 2.2 billion people worldwide have some level of visual impairment, including blindness. According to statistics from 2015, 36 million people worldwide are blind (visual acuity worse than 3/60), million have moderate or severe vision impairment (worse than 6/18, but equal to or better than 3/60) and 189 million have mild vision impairment (worse than 6/12, but equal to or better than 6/18) 1. It is estimated that 1.8 billion people have near vision impairment (Bourne et al, 2017; Fricke et al, 2018; WHO, 2019). In percentage 3.44% of people have distance vision impairment (0.49% are blind and 2.95% have moderate or severe vision impairment) (Ackland, Resnikoff & Bourne, 2017). Near visual acuity is measured according to the smallest print size that a person can notice at a given test distance. Near-visual impairment is usually classified as a near visual acuity less than N6 or m 0.8 at 40 centimeters, with N referring to the print size based on the point system used in the printing ondustry. industry, and 6 is the font size equivalent to the newspaper print (WHO, 2019)
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