Abstract
BackgroundApproximately 30% of patients with the systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop lupus nephritis (LN) that affects treatment and prognosis. Easily accessible biomarkers do not exist to reliably...
Highlights
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disease that can affect any organ of the human body
► Serum S100A12, and serum and urine S100A8/A9 (p
The study cohort included a total of 243 adult-onset patients with SLE (235 serum and 198 urine samples; 192 matched samples) and 48 healthy donors as controls (HC) matched for age (HC; urine and serum n=48; 46 matched samples)
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disease that can affect any organ of the human body. We determined serum and urine concentrations of S100 proteins S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in adult-onset SLE with or without active renal disease. We tested their applicability as potential markers for renal disease and disease activity as well as their capacity to predict responses to RTX treatment in patients with active lupus nephritis (LN). Binary logistic regression was conducted to examine whether S100 protein levels (all log transformed) can predict renal disease (outcome: active=1; inactive=0) and/or response toTRTX treatment (outcome: responder=1; non-responder=0). To test associations of S100 protein levels with response to RTX treatment, crude and adjusted (for disease duration, disease activity, renal disease and steroid dose) ORs were calculated. Area under the curve (AUC) receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was calculated for individual proteins and models, using their predicted probabilities, with outcomes ‘active renal disease’ or ‘responder to RTX’
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