Abstract
BackgroundA urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common medical condition complicating pregnancy with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess any adverse maternal and perinatal morbidity related to UTI in pregnancy, focusing on identifying common uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi. The study population consisted of 549 women in the exposed group (i.e., those with at least one episode of UTI in pregnancy in 2018) and 329 in the comparison group (i.e., those without UTI). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The study's primary outcome measures were preterm birth, recurrent UTI, pyelonephritis, and low birth weight (LBW).ResultsWomen who had a UTI during pregnancy had more preterm deliveries than those without a UTI (c2=7.092; p=0.007). Recurrent UTI was observed in 26.6% of women with UTI, while the incidence of pyelonephritis was relatively low in this group (1.45%). There was no significant association between LBW and UTI in pregnancy (c2=0.097; p=0.756). The most common bacteria isolated from women with UTI were Group B Streptococcus (GBS, 31.3%), followed by Escherichia coli (30.9%). They were sensitive to a wide range of antibiotics.ConclusionAccording to our results, significant predictors of bacteriuria in pregnancy history include UTI, renal calculi, and nulliparity. Women with UTI in pregnancy are more likely to have preterm delivery. However, adequate management can minimize other complications like pyelonephritis and adverse perinatal outcomes. Available evidence prompts the recommendation of routine screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in early pregnancy to minimize complications and identify those women at significant risk for preterm delivery.
Highlights
Urinary tract infections (UTI) continue to be one of the most common medical conditions complicating pregnancy, with a prevalence of approximately 20% [1]
Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) was observed in 26.6% of women with UTI, while the incidence of pyelonephritis was relatively low in this group (1.45%)
There was no significant association between low birth weight (LBW) and UTI in pregnancy (c2=0.097; p=0.756)
Summary
Urinary tract infections (UTI) continue to be one of the most common medical conditions complicating pregnancy, with a prevalence of approximately 20% [1]. A UTI is diagnosed when there is an overgrowth of bacteria in the urinary tract (≥105 counts/mL of urine), irrespective of the presence of clinical symptoms [2]. UTI include a spectrum of disorders, ranging from those affecting the lower urinary tract, like asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and cystitis, to those affecting the kidney, such as pyelonephritis. Clinical trials in the 1960s and 1970s reported that untreated ASB had a 20% to 30% risk of progressing into pyelonephritis. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common medical condition complicating pregnancy with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess any adverse maternal and perinatal morbidity related to UTI in pregnancy, focusing on identifying common uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns
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