Urinary sugars (sucrose and fructose) associations with self‐reported sugars intake: the influence of plausibility of reported energy intake

Abstract

Background/AimUrinary sucrose and fructose may serve as biomarkers of sugars intake, the latter which are thought to be underreported in dietary assessment. We examined associations of urinary sugars with reported sugars intake in adults recruited for a study on diet and chronic disease risk.MethodsHealthy, non‐smoking, weight‐stable adults (n=76) performed 3×24h urine collections (UC) and completed 3 multiple pass 24h dietary recalls over 10d. Results are shown for those (n=67; aged 18–58y, BMI 19–36kg/m2) who had ≥1 complete UC (urinary PABA recovery ≥85%). Urinary sugars were measured by an enzymatic kit (Roche) and mean daily amounts calculated. 3d mean intakes of sucrose, fructose and added sugars were computed with Nutrition Data System for Research (v.10/11). Plausible (n=52) and implausible EI reporters (n=15) were determined (Huang et al, 2005).ResultsMean(±SEM) urinary sucrose and fructose were 28±2 and 38±4 mg/d, respectively. Reported intakes were 56±5 (sucrose), 25±2 (fructose), and 84±7 (added) g/d. Urinary sucrose was significantly associated with dietary sucrose in the plausible sample (r=0.36; p=0.008) and non‐significantly in the total sample (r=0.19; p=0.12). A similar pattern was seen for urinary sucrose and added sugars intake. Urinary fructose and sugars intake were not significantly associated.ConclusionThese data provide strong evidence that foods containing sucrose and added sugars are underreported.Grant Funding Source: R01DK075862 and Purdue University