URBAN FLOOD- A CASE STUDY OF GUWAHATI CITY, KAMRUP (METROPOLITAN), ASSAM

Abstract

In the present study, the researcher aims to study the factors responsible for flood inundation and water-logging in the city and to identify the flood-prone areas and mapping and the Social and administrative measures to reduce the impact of the flood. A set of secondary data had been collected through various sources for the study in the selected area. Various GIS software has been used in preparing the Guwahati satellite image. First of all, we downloaded the satellite imagery of Guwahati from 1st January 2018 to 1st January 2019 using the USGS Earth Explorer, using data set as Landsat Collection1, followed by Landsat Collection 1 Level 1 using Landsat 8 Satellite with OLI/TIRS C1 Level1 Sensors having 30 metres resolution. From the study it has been found that the major factors responsible for the flood are Water Logging: Heavy rainfall triggered water logging in several parts of the city. Areas such as Zoo Road, Chandmari, Ambari, Ulubari, Hatigaon, Dispur, Gandhi Mandap, Kalapahar, and Christian Basti came along with visuals of waterlogged areas. Rapid Urbanization: Unplanned urban growth of the city. Increasing of Urbanization in the city from 80.23% in 2001 to 82.9% in 2011 according to the percentage of the urban population in 2011 census. Change in Land Use Land Cover: Natural and semi-natural vegetated areas and artificial and natural water bodies decreased while the built-up area increased, cultivated and managed areas, natural and seminatural non-vegetated areas increased. Keywords: Urban flood; Inundation; Water-logging; Vegetation; GIS