Urban Drainage Network Rehabilitation Considering Storm Tank Installation and Pipe Substitution

Ulrich Ngamalieu-Nengoue,Juan Saldarriaga Valderrama,F Martínez-Solano,Pedro Iglesias-Rey,Daniel Mora-Meliá

doi:10.3390/w11030515

Ulrich Ngamalieu-Nengoue, Juan Saldarriaga Valderrama + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030515

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Abstract

The drainage networks of our cities are currently experiencing a growing increase in runoff flows, caused mainly by the waterproofing of the soil and the effects of climate change. Consequently, networks originally designed correctly must endure floods with frequencies much higher than those considered in the design phase. The solution of such a problem is to improve the network. There are several ways to rehabilitate a network: conduit substitution as a former method or current methods such as storm tank installation or combined use of conduit substitution and storm tank installation. To find an optimal solution, deterministic or heuristic optimization methods are used. In this paper, a methodology for the rehabilitation of these drainage networks based on the combined use of the installation of storm tanks and the substitution of some conduits of the system is presented. For this, a cost-optimization method and a pseudo-genetic heuristic algorithm, whose efficiency has been validated in other fields, are applied. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) model for hydraulic analysis of drainage and sanitation networks is used. The methodology has been applied to a sector of the drainage network of the city of Bogota in Colombia, showing how the combined use of storm tanks and conduits leads to lower cost rehabilitation solutions.

Highlights

One of the main problems related to urban drainage systems are the frequent flooding events in urban areas
These methods refer to the installation of devices in the urban area that can hold back the flow that cannot be evacuated by the system
This paper presents the results of application to the E-Chicó sector of the drainage network of Bogotá (Colombia), some model files and additional case studies can be found in the supplementary material

Summary

Introduction

One of the main problems related to urban drainage systems are the frequent flooding events in urban areas. Various factors can cause these events, such as pipe size, structural failures in the system, objects causing obstructions or an increase in rainfall intensity due to climate change inducing increased runoff flow. In order to have a better control over the systems and prevent the occurrence of urban flooding events, many mechanisms have been implemented to reduce runoff and increase the capacity of the system. One of the most used methods in the last years has been the implementation of storm water detention tanks (STs). These methods refer to the installation of devices in the urban area that can hold back the flow that cannot be evacuated by the system. Later, when the system has regained its transport capacity, the devices return the water to the sewerage system for correct evacuation

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