Abstract
The imperfection of man is the banes of all criminal activities worldwide. More so, global urbanization and technological advancement seem to catalyze the frequency and complexity of criminal activities generally. Crime in its entire ramification is a critical issue that has gained significant attention in most countries of the world Nigeria inclusive. In view of the alarming rate of crime globally and the GIS utilities, this paper therefore carried out a review of the principles and theories of crime mapping, types of crime mapping and the nexus between poverty and urban crime. The paper further examined the relationship between urban design and spatial dimension of urban crime, and the implication for Urban and Regional Planning professional education as one of the key players in environmental management. It is therefore recommended that the teachings of Urban and Regional Planning in educational institutes should include the key theories within environmental criminology. While national and international conferences and workshops around urban and regional planning should presently revolve around settlement safety and urban governance.
Highlights
The depravity and carnality of man is the banes of all criminal activities worldwide and this is been aggravated by global urbanization and technological advancement that seem to catalyze the frequency and complexity of criminal activities generally
Background of Crime Mapping The evolution of crime mapping can be traced to the work of Geographer Borden Dent titled “Brief History of Crime Mapping,” which traces the origin of crime mapping to France, where in 1829, Adriano Balbi and André Michel Guerry created maps that showed the relationship between violent and property crimes and educational levels
The story of crime mapping can be seen as an idea that arose before its time, that is, before the relevant computer technology was available because the earlier crime maps were manually produced and that could take many hours of tedious labour
Summary
The depravity and carnality of man is the banes of all criminal activities worldwide and this is been aggravated by global urbanization and technological advancement that seem to catalyze the frequency and complexity of criminal activities generally. In most popular view, something is a crime if declared as such by the relevant and applicable law It is defined as an offence or an act harmful to some individual and to a community, society or the state (a public wrong). In an essay written by Philip Canter on “Geographic Information Systems and Crime Analysis in Baltimore County, Maryland,” the county’s pin-mapping efforts requires about twelve maps and 70 square feet of wall to cover the entire area of the jurisdiction While these maps were reasonably good for detecting clusters of criminal activity, they did not permit more sophisticated analyses that incorporated other, nongeographic factors, such as modus operandi or time of offense.
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