Abstract
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC) is an uncommon malignancy, comprising 5% of urothelial cancers. Current investigations have demonstrated microsatellite instability (MSI) and chromosomal instability in UUT-UC. MSI is a defining feature of Lynch (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) syndrome, and UUT-UC is the third most common malignancy after colon and endometrial cancers. The rate of MSI in UUT-UC is variable …
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