Updated incidence trends in cardia and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma in Sweden

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to provide an update of the recent incidence trends of cardia and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma in Sweden. Methods Temporal trends in the age-standardised incidence were assessed separately for cardia and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma in 1970–2014 among all people in Sweden aged ≥50 years. Data were retrieved from the Swedish Cancer Registry. The log-linear joinpoint regression method was used to identify change points in the incidence trends. The annual percent changes with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for each segment before and after change points. Results The overall incidence of cardia adenocarcinoma increased during the earlier period of 1970–1988, but was stable during the later period of 1989–2014 (annual percent change: −0.3%, 95% CI: −0.7 to 0.2%). In contrast, in women aged 50–69 years the incidence of cardia adenocarcinoma increased by 6.6% annually (95% CI: 1.9 to 11.5%) during the period 2005 to 2014. The incidence of non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma decreased by 4.4% per year (95% CI: −4.6 to −4.2%) in 1984–2014 and the decrease was stronger in men aged 70 years or older compared to other groups. Conclusion The incidence of cardia adenocarcinoma is seemingly rapidly increasing in younger women, while it has been stable in other groups during recent years in Sweden. The incidence of non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma continues to decrease, particularly in older men.