Update on congenital cataract surgery management.

Abstract

The basic procedure of pediatric cataract surgery has not dramatically changed over the past few years. Recent multicenter study results along with technological innovations, however, have increased our understanding and armamentarium of techniques and devices used to improve outcomes. We review surgical techniques that have been recently applied to the management of pediatric cataracts and describe newer intraocular lenses that have become available for use in the pediatric population. The 5-year results of the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, including visual outcomes and complications, as well as other studies comparing intraocular lens implants with contact lenses for infants have shaped our management of congenital cataract. We also discuss how ocular imaging with optical coherence tomography has enhanced our understanding of the microstructural effects on pediatric eyes after cataract surgery and touch on other future innovations. We review updates in the management of congenital cataract, which remains a major cause of preventable childhood blindness.