Abstract
Senna spectabilis (syn Cassia spectabilis) is one of the most important species within the Fabaceae family, natively found in Central and South America, as well as parts of Asia and Africa. Due to the extensive geographical distribution, this fast-growing tree produces a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites, being of special interest for chemical and pharmacological studies. Phytochemical investigations have shown that S. spectabilis produces over 40 constituents from different biosynthetic pathways, including piperidine alkaloids, pentacyclic terpenoids and anthraquinones, displaying antiproliferative, antitumoral and antifungal activities. Moreover, studies have also been conducted to identify endophytic and rizhospheric microorganisms associated to S. spectabilis and their chemical composition, enabling further elucidation of cadinane sesquiterpenoids, cytochalasins, depsipeptides and dibenzopirones. This review aims to provide an updated summary of the main features of S. spectabilis, compiling all currently available information on the chemical and pharmacological composition of its parts and its associated microorganisms.
Highlights
Leguminosae, one of the largest taxonomic group in Angiospermae, has changed to Fabaceae after recent phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequences and, within this new classification, Fabaceae is divided into three subfamilies Mimosoideae, Fabaoideae and Caesalpinioideae, the latter including Cassia and Senna
These genera still have complex taxonomic separation, with unclear genetic and chemical classification, including several species of Senna previously described as Cassia, while others remained as Cassia and adopted Senna as a synonym
This review outlines the constituents and pharmacological activities reported for S. spectabilis
Summary
Leguminosae, one of the largest taxonomic group in Angiospermae, has changed to Fabaceae after recent phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequences and, within this new classification, Fabaceae is divided into three subfamilies Mimosoideae, Fabaoideae and Caesalpinioideae, the latter including Cassia and Senna. genetically divided, these genera still have complex taxonomic separation, with unclear genetic and chemical classification, including several species of Senna previously described as Cassia, while others remained as Cassia and adopted Senna as a synonym.. Leguminosae, one of the largest taxonomic group in Angiospermae, has changed to Fabaceae after recent phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequences and, within this new classification, Fabaceae is divided into three subfamilies Mimosoideae, Fabaoideae and Caesalpinioideae, the latter including Cassia and Senna.. Leguminosae, one of the largest taxonomic group in Angiospermae, has changed to Fabaceae after recent phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequences and, within this new classification, Fabaceae is divided into three subfamilies Mimosoideae, Fabaoideae and Caesalpinioideae, the latter including Cassia and Senna.1,2 Genetically divided, these genera still have complex taxonomic separation, with unclear genetic and chemical classification, including several species of Senna previously described as Cassia, while others remained as Cassia and adopted Senna as a synonym.. Showy, arranged in terminal inflorescences, while the fruits are pod type 25-32 cm, elongated, cylindrical, indehiscent, black, with brown seeds endowed with pleurograma.2,3 Within this taxonomic rank, Senna spectabilis (syn Cassia spectabilis) is one of the most important species, broadly studied towards their chemical and pharmacological aspects. Piperidine alkaloids and pentacyclic triterpenes are the most common classes, exhibiting high biological activities further described on this review
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