Abstract
From waste to single-wall carbon nanotubes and silica nanowires: the first high-tech outlet for FC3R.
Highlights
Petroleum re ning relies on cracking of large gasoil molecules into smaller vapour-phase distillable products
We show that pulsed laser ablation of raw FC3R produces simultaneous deposition of single-wall carbon nanotubes and silica nanowires through vapour/solid– liquid–solid self-assembly in distinct zones of an oven-laser apparatus
The petroleum coke (PC) is periodically burned off to maintain activity in a regenerator, the produced heat is refed into the system (FCC C–C cleaving is endothermic) and the catalyst is recirculated for further catalysis
Summary
Petroleum coke (PC) accumulates on different locations and components of the FCC unit (conduits, chambers, chimneys). To a lesser extent, inverted (silica core) and side-by-side (half wire) nanowires were found at undisclosed locations in the sample.[86,87] In CNT synthesis, zeolites can provide catalytic decomposition,[88] catalyst support[89] and structural templates.[90] the thinnest freestanding SWCNTs (0.4 nm) were grown inside the channels of AFI zeolite (AlPO45À).[90] Given these existing synergies, the intention of this study is to provide a proof of concept for the feasibility of CNT and SiONW synthesis from FC3R by PLD, including intermittent parallels to cracking catalyst waste in general. Feasibility and proof are provided by a thorough morphological and chemical characterisation of the precursor (FC3R in 3.1) and resulting nanostructures (SiONWs in 3.2; SWCNTs in 3.3), supported by a combination of electron microscopy, micromilling and spectroscopic techniques
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