Up-to-date approach to cardiorehabilitation of post-myocardial infarction persons

Abstract

The article considers the possibility of using a multimodal cardiorehabilitation program for post-myocardial infarction people in accordance with the updated Regulations of the European Society of Cardiology. It is noted that myocardial infarction is the main cause of limitation of physical activity, loss of working capacity, disability and sudden death among the population. The purpose of the study is to develop of a multimodal cardiorehabilitation program for post-myocardial infarction people and to evaluate its effectiveness. Research material and methods are: analysis of scientific and methodological literature by the research topic; analysis of medical documentation; methods of researching the functional state of the cardiovascular system; bicycle ergometric test with intermittently increasing load; Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); methods of mathematical statistics. The results. It is shown that under the impact of multimodal cardiorehabilitation, in the main group of patients at the end of the intervention, there is a significant increase in almost all the investigated indicators. An increase in the traveled distance (m) in the 6-minute test according to the classification of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) made it possible to transfer the majority of patients to the II functional class of cardiac insufficiency. A bicycle ergometric test with an intermittently increasing load showed an increase in the overall endurance of the organism of the main group of tested people and correlated with the 6MWT indicators. The subjective feelings of post-myocardial infarction patients during exercise, which were evaluated by the 10-point Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale, improved, and a significant decrease in anxiety, emotional disorders, and depression according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was noted. In the control group, there was a significant increase only in the 6MWT indicator, which indicates an increase in the adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system, and not an increase in the overall endurance of the organism of the tested people. Conclusions. A multimodal approach to cardiorehabilitation in the light of updated intervention protocols for patients with myocardial infarction will significantly contribute to the optimization of the cardiovascular system and the faster return of patients to a full life.