Abstract
Additive manufacturing technologies, compared to conventional shaping methods, offer great opportunities in design versatility, for the manufacturing of highly porous ceramic components. However, the application to glass powders, later subjected to viscous flow sintering, involves significant challenges, especially in shape retention and in the achievement of a substantial degree of translucency in the final products. The present paper disclosed the potential of glass recovered from liquid crystal displays (LCD) for the manufacturing of highly porous scaffolds by direct ink writing and masked stereolithography of fine powders mixed with suitable organic additives, and sintered at 950 °C, for 1–1.5 h, in air. The specific glass, featuring a relatively high transition temperature (Tg~700 °C), allowed for the complete burn-out of organics before viscous flow sintering could take place; in addition, translucency was favored by the successful removal of porosity in the struts and by the resistance of the used glass to crystallization.
Highlights
A common perception concerning glass is its infinite recyclability [1], supported by its remarkable durability and by the characteristic transition to the liquid state (‘glass transition’, Tg ) at moderate temperatures
The present paper aims at disclosing the potential of discarded liquid crystal displays (LCD) glass in the manufacturing of three-dimensional translucent scaffolds, designed as supports for photocatalysts or as a part of optical sensors, based on inorganic coatings that change optical properties when interacting with noxious gases [23]
The obtainment of highly porous scaffolds with suitable morphology motivated the adoption of an additive manufacturing approach, i.e., direct ink writing (DIW) of pastes of LCD glass and organic binders, known for its simplicity and wide range of material processability [24]
Summary
A common perception concerning glass is its infinite recyclability [1], supported by its remarkable durability (preventing any degradation over time) and by the characteristic transition to the liquid state (‘glass transition’, Tg ) at moderate temperatures. The obtainment of highly porous scaffolds with suitable morphology motivated the adoption of an additive manufacturing approach, i.e., direct ink writing (DIW) of pastes of LCD glass and organic binders, known for its simplicity and wide range of material processability [24]. The relatively high characteristic temperatures of the glass and its resistance to crystallization proved to be key features for successful removal of any contamination from the binders and the development of nearly pore-free struts upon firing. These features constituted a valid starting point for preliminary studies on a more advanced additive manufacturing technology, such as masked stereolithography (MSLA) of glass powders mixed with photocurable binder of glass powders mixed with photocurable binder. Materials and adoption of an additive manufacturing approach, i.e., direct ink writing (DIW) of pastes
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