Abstract
AbstractThe outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), defined as a worldwide pandemic, has been a public health emergency of international concern. Pudilanxiaoyan oral liquid (PDL), an effective drug of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is considered to be an effective and alternative means for clinical prevention of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to identify potential active constituents of PDL, and explore its underlying anti-COVID-19 mechanism using network pharmacology. Integration of target prediction (SwissTargetPrediction and STITCH database) was used to elucidate the active components of PDL. Protein–protein interaction network analyses, gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, network construction, and molecular docking were applied to analyze the prospective mechanisms of the predicted target genes. Our results showed that the key active ingredients in PDL were luteolin, apigenin, esculetin, chrysin, baicalein, oroxylin A, baicalin, wogonin, cymaroside, and gallic acid. A majority of the predicted targets were mainly involved in the pathways related to viral infection, lung injury, and inflammatory responses. An in vitro study further inferred that inhibiting the activity of nuclear factor (NF)-кB signaling pathway was a key mechanism by which PDL exerted anti-COVID-19 effects. This study not only provides chemical basis and pharmacology of PDL but also the rationale for strategies to exploring future TCM for COVID-19 therapy.
Highlights
The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic in the form of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in human, and influenced every aspect of human live.[1]
It was reported that ACE2, one of the major receptors that mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells, was coexpressed with 5,556 genes in the colon
Pudilanxiaoyan oral liquid (PDL) is a common Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription composed of four herbs including Pu-gong-ying, Huang-qin, Ku-di-ding, and Banlan-gen
Summary
The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic in the form of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in human, and influenced every aspect of human live.[1] Statistical analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 has infected subjects in 222 countries and districts, including China (a total of 117,501 confirmed cases and 5,343 deaths until June 18, 2021).[2] The common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and fatigue, and the main complications of this disease include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac injury, and secondary infection.[3] The number of cases has increased rapidly, with limited effective drugs targeting COVID-19 in the clinic. There is little research to elucidate the potential mechanism and active ingredients of PDL for COVID-19 treatment
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