Abstract

An unusual occurrence in the upper Albian Toolebuc Formation of Queensland, Australia, of penetration of a guard of the belemnite Dimitobelus (Dimitobelus) stimulus into the disc of an indeterminate inoceramid bivalve, is the first report of this type of shell damage in the fossil record. The belemnite punctured completely both valves of the bivalve to the maximum diameter of the belemnite guard, by inferred compaction from sediment overburden during post-mortem biostratinomic processes. Shell thickening of the inoceramid bivalve by shearing of prismatic layers at the site of puncture indicates that the bivalve shell behaved plastically during the puncture and that the great flexibility of the prismatic layers was facilitated by the relatively thin shell and presence of organic sheaths around individual prisms. This flexibility may have been advantageous during a predatory attack, by allowing the maintenance of a seal during breakage of the shell margin.

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