Unraveling the Antioxidant, Binding and Health-Protecting Properties of Phenolic Compounds of Beers with Main Human Serum Proteins: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches.

Raja Mohamed Beema Shafreen,Yong Seo Park,Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian,Paweł Paśko,Young Mo Kim,Elena Katrich,Shela Gorinstein,Selvaraj Alagu Lakshmi,Joseph Deutsch

doi:10.3390/molecules25214962

Abstract

Our recently published in vivo studies and growing evidence suggest that moderate consumption of beer possesses several health benefits, including antioxidant and cardiovascular effects. Although beer contains phenolic acids and flavonoids as the major composition, and upon consumption, the levels of major components increase in the blood, there is no report on how these beer components interact with main human serum proteins. Thus, to address the interaction potential between beer components and human serum proteins, the present study primarily aims to investigate the components of beer from different industrial sources as well as their mode of interaction through in silico analysis. The contents of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacities and their influence on binding properties of the main serum proteins in human metabolism (human serum albumin (HSA), plasma circulation fibrinogen (PCF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3)) were studied. In vitro and in silico studies indicated that phenolic substances presented in beer interact with the key regions of the proteins to enhance their antioxidant and health properties. We hypothesize that moderate consumption of beer could be beneficial for patients suffering from coronary artery disease (CAD) and other health advantages by regulating the serum proteins.

Highlights

Beer is an important beverage, containing high amounts of polyphenols and showing antioxidant activity [1,2,3,4]
On the basis of our published in vivo in results of health properties of moderate beer consumption [9,19,22,23], the main aim of the present study was to determine the functional properties of some individual phenolic compounds by interaction with the main human serum proteins, using fluorescence and molecular docking
It has already been reported that consumption of beer increases the flavonoid and phenolic acid content in the plasma and thereby promotes the cardiovascular health benefits [8,9,10,11,12,18,19,22,24]

Summary

Introduction

Beer is an important beverage, containing high amounts of polyphenols and showing antioxidant activity [1,2,3,4]. The phenolic compounds vary in high and low fermented, non-alcoholic and fruit beers [5,6,7] It is known from a large number of reports that beer positively influences the health properties of human metabolism for protection from cardiovascular risk, lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity [8,9,10,11]. These actions depend on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of non-alcoholic compounds and slightly on the ethanol-dependent activity of beer [12,13]. Interactive behavior of the main serum proteins HSA, PCF, CRP and GPX3 with catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, ferulic and caffeic acids was studied through molecular docking evaluation

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