Abstract
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) particulate-matter (PM) monitoring system was developed that can perform three-dimensional stereoscopic observation of PM2.5 and PM10 in the atmosphere. The UAV monitoring system was mainly integrated by modules of data acquisition and processing, wireless data transmission, and global positioning system (GPS). Particularly, in this study, a ground measurement-control subsystem was added that can display and store collected data in real time and set up measurement scenarios, data-storage modes, and system sampling frequency as needed. The UAV PM monitoring system was calibrated via comparison with a national air-quality monitoring station; the data of both systems were highly correlated. Since rotation of the UAV propeller affects measured PM concentration, this study specifically tested this effect by setting up another identical monitoring system fixed at a tower as reference. The UAV systems worked simultaneously to collect data for comparison. A correction method for the propeller disturbance was proposed. Averaged relative errors for the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations measured by the two systems were 6.2% and 6.6%, respectively, implying that the UAV system could be used for monitoring PM in an atmosphere environment.
Highlights
With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization, large-scale activities of industrial production and transportation discharge a large amount of air pollutants into the atmosphere, causing widespread public and government attention [1,2,3]
The onborne PM observation subsystem primarily measures PM2.5 and measures PM2.5 and PM10, and it was integrated onto the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
The flight route and attitude of the UAV are controlled by UAV are controlled by a remote-flight-control subsystem, and the flight status and performance a remote-flight-control subsystem, and the flight status and performance parameters of the UAV are parameters of the UAV are displayed on the ground flight-visualization subsystem
Summary
With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization, large-scale activities of industrial production and transportation discharge a large amount of air pollutants into the atmosphere, causing widespread public and government attention [1,2,3]. PMs cause serious harm to people’s health, and have an increasingly serious impact on crop production and agricultural-product quality [4,5,6,7]. A larger concentration of fine PM in the air affects plant respiration. Poor light conditions can affect plant photosynthesis and crop yield. Smoggy weather can lead to delays in the growth period of crops, frequent pests and diseases, and the decline in the yield and quality of agricultural products, as well as cause harmful substances to remain in the crops. Large-scale three-dimensional PM measurements are needed to provide decision support for the precise
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