Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveillance Under Visibility and Dwell-Time Constraints

Abstract

A framework is introduced for planning unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight paths for visual surveillance of ground targets, each having particular viewing requirements. Specifically, the framework is designed for instances in which each target is associated with a set of imaging parameters, including a desired: (i) tilt angle, (ii) azimuth, with the option of a 360 deg view, and (iii) dwell-time. Tours are sought to image the targets, while minimizing both the total mission time and the time required to reach the initial target. An ϵ-constraint scalarization is used to pose the multi-objective problem as a constrained optimization, which, through careful discretization, can be approximated as a discrete graph-search. It is shown that, in many cases, this approximation is equivalent to a generalized traveling salesperson problem (GTSP). A heuristic procedure for solving the discrete approximation and recovering solutions to the full routing problem is presented and illustrated through numerical studies.