Abstract
Inducing magnetic moments in graphene is very important for its potential application in spintronics. Introducing sp3-defects on the graphene basal plane is deemed as the most promising approach to produce magnetic graphene. However, its universal validity has not been very well verified experimentally. By functionalization of approximately pure amino groups on graphene basal plane, a spin-generalization efficiency of ~1 μB/100 NH2 was obtained for the first time, thus providing substantial evidence for the validity of inducing magnetic moments by sp3-defects. As well, amino groups provide another potential sp3-type candidate to prepare magnetic graphene.
Highlights
The introduction of magnetic moments in graphene is a long-standing hot topic [1].Generally speaking, the net spins in graphene come from unpaired electrons; all the electrons in the intrinsic graphene are compensated for owning to the π-symmetry system
Breaking the symmetric structure of graphene is a feasible approach to make graphene magnetic. These approaches to introduce magnetic moments in graphene can be divided two ways [2]: (i) creating sp3 -defects on the basal plane of graphene sheets via atoms or functional groups chemisorbed on carbon networks to form covalent sp3 -type bonds, typically H [3], F [4] or hydroxyl group [2,5,6]; and (ii) producing edge-type defects at the edge sites via bombarding graphene sheets to introduce vacancies [4,7], cutting graphene into quantum dots [8], nanoribbons [9] or nanomeshes [10], or substituting vacancy-site carbon atoms by nitrogen atoms [11]
We firstly experimentally proved the universal validity of inducing magnetic moments by amino-type sp3 -defects and provide another potential candidate to prepare magnetic graphene, which is regarded as significantly crucial in the application of graphene spintronics
Summary
The introduction of magnetic moments in graphene is a long-standing hot topic [1]. Generally speaking, the net spins in graphene come from unpaired electrons; all the electrons in the intrinsic graphene are compensated for owning to the π-symmetry system. We firstly experimentally proved the universal validity of inducing magnetic moments by amino-type sp3 -defects and provide another potential candidate to prepare magnetic graphene, which is regarded as significantly crucial in the application of graphene spintronics. By using such sp3 -type magnetic graphene to introduce localized magnetic moments on graphene, controlling the spin scattering to control the magnetoresistance as dilute F-doped sp3 -functionalized graphene [22] is hopeful, and a potential alternative of light-element magnet [23] can be expected as well
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