Abstract
The present paper contains an overview and summary on the achievements of the basic space science initiative in terms of donated and provided planetariums, astronomical instruments, and space weather instruments, particularly operating in developing nations. These instruments have been made available to respective host countries, particularly developing nations, through the series of twenty basic space science workshops, organized through the United Nations Programme on Space Applications since 1991. Organized by the United Nations, the European Space Agency (ESA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States of America, and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the basic space science workshops were organized as a series of workshops that focused on basic space science (1991-2004), the International Heliophysical Year 2007 (2005-2009), and the International Space Weather Initiative (2010-2012) proposed by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the basis of discussions of its Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, as reflected in the reports of the Subcommittee. Workshops on the International Space Weather Initiative in the series were hosted by the Government of Egypt in 2010 (see A/AC.105/994), the Government of Nigeria in 2011, and the Government of Ecuador in 2012 (see A/AC.105/1030). Workshops on the International Heliophysical Year 2007 were hosted by the United Arab Emirates in 2005 (see A/AC.105/856), India in 2006 (see A/AC.105/882), Japan in 2007 (see A/AC.105/902), Bulgaria in 2008 (see A/AC.105/919) and the Republic of Korea in 2009 (see A/AC.105/964). Workshops on basic space science were hosted by the Governments of India (see A/AC.105/489), Costa Rica and Colombia (see A/AC.105/530), Nigeria (see A/AC.105/560/Add.1), Egypt (see A/AC.105/580), Sri Lanka (see A/AC.105/640), Germany (see A/AC.105/657), Honduras (see A/AC.105/682), Jordan (see A/AC.105/723), France (see A/AC.105/742), Mauritius (see A/AC.105/766), Argentina (see A/AC.105/784) and China (see A/AC.105/829). All workshops were co-organized by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) and the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR).
Highlights
The basic space science initiative was a long-term effort for the development of astronomy and space science through regional and international cooperation in this field on a worldwide basis, in developing nations
Organized by the United Nations, the European Space Agency (ESA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States of America, and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the basic space science workshops were organized as a series of workshops that focused on basic space science (1991-2004), the International Heliophysical Year 2007 (2005-2009), and the International Space Weather Initiative (2010-2012) proposed by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the basis of discussions of its Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, as reflected in the reports of the Subcommittee
Pursuant to resolutions of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space of the United Nations (COPUOS) and its Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, since 2005, these workshops focused on the preparations for and the follow-ups to the International Heliophysical Year 2007 (UAE 2005, India 2006, Japan 2007, Bulgaria 2008, South Korea 2009; http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/SAP/bss/ihy2007/index.html)
Summary
The basic space science initiative was a long-term effort for the development of astronomy and space science through regional and international cooperation in this field on a worldwide basis, in developing nations. Pursuant to resolutions of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space of the United Nations (COPUOS) and its Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, since 2005, these workshops focused on the preparations for and the follow-ups to the International Heliophysical Year 2007 (UAE 2005, India 2006, Japan 2007, Bulgaria 2008, South Korea 2009; http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/SAP/bss/ihy2007/index.html). The Education Curriculum for Space and Atmospheric Science, developed in UN workshops 1998-2004 for implementation by the UN-affiliated Regional Centres for Space Science and Technology Education, located in Brazil, China, India, Jordan, Mexico, Morocco, and Nigeria: http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/psa/regional-centres/study_curricula.html. In order to promote education and research in developing nations, the Government of Japan has provided developing nations with high-grade equipment under the framework of the Official Development Assistance (ODA) cooperation programme since 1982 (see Table 1) Under this cooperation programme, astronomical instruments have been donated to seven developing nations. There is still a great lack of modern high-grade reflecting telescopes of higher quality and better resolution that could be used to better observe astronomical phenomena
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