Uniform Co9S8 nanosheets on carbon nanotube arrays grown on Ni mesh as free-standing electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors

Abstract

A free-standing 3D core/shell composite material CNTs@Co9S8 on nickel mesh has been prepared by a simple two-step method. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown vertically on the surface of nickel mesh by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method act as conductive skeleton. Then Co9S8 nanosheets uniformly aligned on the surface of the CNTs by solvothermal method are interconnected to form a honeycomb structure. Owing to the close contact of the CNTs@Co9S8 hybrid with the nickel mesh and the hierarchical 3D porous structure, the prepared Ni@CNTs@Co9S8 electrodes exhibit low resistance and excellent charge storage capability with a specific capacitance of 1305.4 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. The composite delivers an excellent rate capability with 84.3 % capacitance retention at 10 A g−1. An asymmetric supercapacitor composed of Ni@CNTs@Co9S8 and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) shows an energy density of 23.8 Wh kg−1 and a high power density of 8007.4 W kg−1. The specific capacitance of the ASC device remained 87.31 % after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles and two tandem ASCs can power two red LED diodes for at least 7 min, suggesting the potential application of the obtained free-standing electrode for supercapacitors.