Understanding the attitude of others by hearing action sounds: the role of the insula

G Di Cesare,G Rizzolatti,C Pinardi,M Marchi

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50609-y

G Di Cesare, G Rizzolatti + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50609-y

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Abstract

During social interactions, actions and words can be expressed in different ways, for example gently, vigorously or rudely communicating the positive or negative attitude of the agent. These forms of communication are called vitality forms and play a crucial role in social relations. While the neural bases of speech and actions vitality forms have been investigated, there is no information on how we recognize others’ mood/attitude by hearing the sound of their actions. In the present fMRI study we investigated the neural basis of vitality forms while participants heard action sounds in two different conditions: sounds resulting from gentle and rude actions, sounds communicating the same actions without vitality forms (control stimuli). Results showed that hearing action sounds conveying rude and gentle vitality forms respect to the control stimuli produced a specific activation of the dorso-central insula. In addition, hearing both vitality forms action sounds and control stimuli produced the activation of the parieto-frontal circuit typically involved in the observation and the execution of arm actions. In conclusion, our data indicate that, the dorso-central insula is a key region involved in the processing of vitality forms regardless of the modality by which they are conveyed.

Highlights

During social interactions, actions and words can be expressed in different ways, for example gently, vigorously or rudely communicating the positive or negative attitude of the agent
The results showed that the contrast between the how task and the what task revealed a specific activation of the dorso-central insula
In the present fMRI study, we investigated whether listening to action sounds allows participants to automatically understand the mood/attitude of the agent producing that sound

Summary

Introduction

Actions and words can be expressed in different ways, for example gently, vigorously or rudely communicating the positive or negative attitude of the agent. These data demonstrated that hearing action sounds conveying different vitality forms determined the activation of the dorso-central sector of the insula. The stimuli presented in the fMRI study were the same as those used in the behavioral study (5 action sounds × 3 conditions [rude, gentle, www.nature.com/scientificreports control]).

Results

Conclusion