Understanding Social Roles in a Continuum: An Experience From Two Cultural Groups in Ethiopia

Desalegn Amsalu

doi:10.1177/2158244019898812

Abstract

Based on an ethnographic fieldwork experience among two culturally different ethnic groups in Ethiopia, this article proposes an understanding of social roles in the field in a continuum. The two groups are known as Gumuz and Agaw. In my fieldwork with the Gumuz, I was an “outsider” and the Gumuz social boundary did not allow me to socialize unless through a certain institution known as mijim. In my fieldwork with the Agaw, I was an insider because I was born and grew up among this community. The Agaw social boundary was so open and, contrary to the Gumuz, I had to resist social roles. I propose that arguments that are advocated by scholars on extreme sides of taking or refusing social roles based on perceived advantages or disadvantages are untenable. Social roles are complex because social and cultural contexts do vary and are also complex. I argue that blanket suggestions of either acceptance or refusal of social roles cannot yield successful fieldwork. A social role is a continuum and fieldworkers fall on the line the fieldwork contexts require, and the use of them depends on personal skills of a researcher.

Highlights

Any society whether “complex” or “simple,” no matter how “dynamic” or “static” has social structures
I aim to contribute to the discussion of social roles in the ethnographic fieldwork based on my experience of research among the Gumuz and Agaw ethnic groups in northwest Ethiopia
Categorical debate on whether to take or not take social roles has significantly featured in the ethnographic studies since early times

Summary

Introduction

Any society whether “complex” or “simple,” no matter how “dynamic” or “static” has social structures. I aim to contribute to the discussion of social roles in the ethnographic fieldwork based on my experience of research among the Gumuz and Agaw ethnic groups in northwest Ethiopia. Many scholars argue that taking social roles in the field is an important strategy for successful fieldwork.

Results

Conclusion