UNDERSTANDING OF THE PLATONIC TECHNIQUE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THINKING AND PAIDEIA

Abstract

The problem of the historical-philosophical hermeneutics of the relationship between Plato's ideas about the nature of thinking and the concept of paideia was an important source of updating philosophical discourse, implemented in numerous turns of philosophical thought over the past two centuries. It is in the concept of paideia that the key attributes of thinking are concentrated, understood as a practical characteristic of human being, and not a timeless substance or set of ideas. In Platon, paideia acts both as a source, and method, and the goal of realizing thought, inexhaustible in its playing potential and surpassing reality itself thanks to freedom from natural causality, which hampers the order of real things. At the present stage, the concept of paideia was in demand as the basis for the historical and philosophical deconstruction of the discourse of culture, aimed at the dialectical removal of the abstract opposition of culture and nature. The invisibility of the artificial and the natural in the concept of paideia has opened up new horizons for philosophical anthropology, the purpose of which is to search for the foundations of the meanings of human existence in the framework of the modern scientific picture of the world, which at the level of axiomatics asserts the arbitrariness and artificiality of our civilization. The thematization of the concept of payayya remains significant in line with the social philosophy of education, aimed at restoring humanistic ideals as criteria for evaluating educational and pedagogical processes.Keywords: mindset, being, paideia, idea, ontology, Platonism.