Abstract
Two types of holes that contribute to photocurrent are influenced differently by cation doping and surface states in hematite photoanodes based on X-ray absorption, transient spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical findings.
Highlights
Hematite (a-Fe2O3) has been widely investigated as a promising photoanode candidate in photoelectrochemical cells for solar water splitting
Significant advances have been made to improve bulk charge properties as well as surface catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction, it still remains challenging to meet the standards for practical applications
Knowing the chemical origin of recombination surface states (r-SS), we focus on the crucial different effects that annealing and cation doping can have on the presence of oxygen vacancies and the relative amounts of charge transfer band (CTB) and upper Hubbard band (UHB) holes
Summary
Hematite (a-Fe2O3) has been widely investigated as a promising photoanode candidate in photoelectrochemical cells for solar water splitting. Hydrogen production from solar water splitting has been an active research eld in recent years with great promise to solve energy and environmental problems It can be carried out in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells with semiconductor materials, in which hydrogen and oxygen evolve at separate electrodes, making it convenient for their collection. Band or defect engineering via doping, in spite of being one of the most commonly used methods to improve bulk charge transport properties, is frequently found to signi cantly change OER kinetics.[7,13,14,15] PEC behavior must be interpreted by more advanced physical characterizations, such as X-ray absorption spectroscopies and infrared spectroscopy (ideally carried out in situ or in operando).[16,17] This perspective aims to provide an insight into the effect of defect engineering of hematite photoanodes on bulk properties and on surface reactions, by gathering information from all aspects of PEC research, both computational and experimental.
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