Abstract
Environmental microbiomes encompass massive biodiversity and genetic information with a wide-ranging potential for industrial and agricultural applications. Knowledge of the relationship between microbiomes and environmental factors is crucial for translating that information into practical uses. In this study, the integrated data of Southeast Asian soil bacteriomes were used as models to assess the variation in taxonomic and functional diversity of bacterial communities. Our results demonstrated that there were differences in soil bacteriomes across different geographic locality with different soil characteristics: soil class and pH level. Such differences were observed in taxonomic diversity, interspecific association patterns, and functional diversity of soil bacteriomes. The bacterial-mediated biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, sulfur, carbon, and phosphorus illustrated the functional relationship of soil bacteriome and soil characteristics, as well as an influence from bacterial interspecific interaction. The insights from this study reveal the importance of microbiome data integration for future microbiome research.
Highlights
Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic technologies attract wide academic interests in microbiome studies, leading to accumulation of public microbiome data
In terms of geographic locality, Thailand and Malaysia are situated in mainland Southeast Asia, while Indonesia and the Philippines are archipelagos lying along the Ring of Fire
The soil bacteriome dataset in this study included 558 soil samples collected from Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia (Fig. 1)
Summary
Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic technologies attract wide academic interests in microbiome studies, leading to accumulation of public microbiome data. Soil microbiomes from Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia were selected as models since these four tropical Southeast Asian countries are located in the area with unique geographic locality and climates. The purpose of this study was to explore the diversity and interspecific associations in the soil bacteriomes across different tropical Southeast Asian countries, and to investigate relationship of bacterial functional diversity with soil characteristics. Bioinformatics approaches were employed to uncover the influence of geographic locality and soil characteristics in the taxonomic and functional composition of soil bacterial communities from the selected Southeast Asian countries. The interspecific associations in soil bacteriomes showed some relations to the bacterial-mediated biogeochemical cycles of N, S, C and P
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