Unbounded perturbations of the generator domain

Abstract

Let $X,U$ and $Z$ be Banach spaces such that $Z\subset X$ (with continuous and dense embedding), $L:Z\to X$ be a closed linear operator and consider closed linear operators $G,M:Z\to U$. Putting conditions on $G$ and $M$ we show that the operator $\mathcal{A}=L$ with domain $D(\mathcal{A})=\big\{z\in Z:Gz=Mz\big\}$ generates a $C_0$-semigroup on $X$. Moreover, we give a variation of constants formula for the solution of the following inhomogeneous problem\begin{align*}\begin{cases} \dot{z}(t)=L z(t)+f(t),& t\ge 0,\cr G z(t)=Mz(t)+g(t),& t\ge 0,\cr z(0)=z^0. \end{cases}\end{align*}Several examples will be given, in particular a heat equation with distributed unbounded delay at the boundary condition.