Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )is one of the most widely used nanoparticles, and aquatic organisms are especially exposed to it. To examine reproductive toxicology, zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations (1, 2 and 4 mg/L) of TiO 2 nanoparticles. The ultrastructure of the theca cell, zona radiata structure and follicular epithelium were examined in detail by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). No abnormalities were observed in the control group; however, degeneration of pore and microvilli structures of the zona radiata, vacuolization in the ooplasm, mitochondrial swelling and mitotic catastrophe (the mechanism for eliminating mitosis-incompetent cells in eukaryotes) were detected in the exposure groups. These results indicate that TiO 2 nanoparticle exposure causes paraptotic-type cell death in zebrafish oocytes, follicular and theca cells. In light of the observed histopathological changes, it was concluded that TiO 2 exposure inhibited oogenesis and the reproductive capability in zebrafish. https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS170303035A Received: March 3, 2017; Revised: August 8, 2017; Accepted: September 20, 2017; Published online: October 3, 2017 How to cite this article: Akbulut C, Kotil T, Yon DN. Ultrastructural evaluation of oocyte envelopes of zebrafish ( Danio Rerio ) (Hamilton, 1822) after TiO2 nanoparticle exposure. Arch Biol Sci. 2018;70(1):159-65.
Highlights
Nanoparticles are known to be a potential hazard in terms of environmental health
Based on the examination of samples from the control group, the follicular membrane was comprised of two layers of the primary oocyte
These are thought to be vitellogenic protein precursors transported into the oocyte (Fig. 1D)
Summary
Nanoparticles are known to be a potential hazard in terms of environmental health. There are uncertainties about the half-life, bioavailability and behavior of nanoparticles in aquatic environments. Nanoparticles can enter the body via the oral route, by breathing, by dermal penetration, and are distributed in different tissues. After the nanoparticles enter the body, their biological distribution varies, depending on particle size and surface functionality [1]. Many nanoparticles are metal-based, such as nanosilver, gold nanoparticles, iron oxide, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide (TiO2). Metal-based nanoparticles have been extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine and military applications. Nanoparticles affect proteins and enzymes in mammalian cells and lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [2]
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